SUMMARY:

Methylphenidate comes in many dosage forms with a variety of brand names but this drug is most commonly known as Ritalin. Some of the dosage forms are as immediate release (IR) tablets, extended release (ER) capsules, patches, orally disintegrating tablets (ODT), and solutions. When treating ADHD, dosing is highly variable and based on dosage form but a common between most all of the oral dosage forms is to not take a dose after 6 pm and to take 30-45 minutes before a meal. Methylphenidate can be used in treating both children and adults with ADHD but there is one other indication for this drug being for treating narcolepsy. The mechanism of action is not fully understood but it is proposed to have CNS sympathomimetic effects which increase norepinephrine and dopamine release while blocking reuptake. This medication is poorly protein bound up to 33%. Common side effects are insomnia, weight gain, and irritability but the most serious concern is the black box warning for abuse and dependence. CNS stimulant abuse risk should be assessed and monitored in patients.